Preface the goal of this book is to provide a basic understanding of the technical design and architecture of the internet. Addresing and congestion are dealt with network layer prof. Attribute tdm transport packet data network connection mode connection oriented connectionless except te oam inband oam outofband except pw, te protection switching data plane switching control plane dependency bw efficiency fixed bandwidth statistical multiplexing data rate granularity rigid sonet hierarchy flexible data rate qos one class. Internet protocols 303 ip packet format figure 302. Dynamic packet transport dpt is a cisco transport protocol designed for use in optical fiber ring networks. The epc provides a variety of functions including user authentication, usercontract analysis, authentication for the packet data network pdn7, setting of transfer paths for user data packets, quality of service qos control8, and mobility management. When endtoend qos is created, the terminals encode and packetize individual media types with an appropriate protocol e. Jun 12, 2012 comparing wavelengthswitched and digitallyswitched optical transport architectures. The development of packet transport network technology has been aimed at achieving functionality similar to that of traditional transport networks achieved by sdh or otn, which. If we imagine a group of 100 friends wanting to go to a game, then we can easily see that not all can. When a packet arrive at network layer, how to know which application to send to.
As tdm transmission networks continue to be replaced by packet based transport solutions, this course seeks to explain the key technologies involved. Moreover, mplstp provides dynamic provisioning of mplstp transport paths via a control plane. Practical packet analysis, 3rd edition no starch press. The promise of the optical transport network otn is designed to address these issues by delivering a transparent framework to efficiently carry diverse traffic types. Transport network data link physical the seven layers of the osi model cont. Chapter 2 the basics of device configuration 18 chapter 3 the basics of device interfaces 46 chapter 4 tcpip basics 82 chapter 5 appletalk basics 196 chapter 6 ipx basics 236 chapter 7 basic administrative and management issues 266 chapter 8 comprehensive ios configuration for the zip network 294 index 322. Computer networking and management lesson 1 computer networks.
This video examines the benefits of selecting a packet based transport sol. Entire ip packet is encrypted and becomes the data component of a new and larger ip packet. Transport internet network interface physical layer 1 layer 2 layer 3 layer 4. Jan 18, 2017 there are several options to choose from when building optical transport networks. For ipx header place the destination number 02, source field as aa and 01. The transport layer is the one used most commonly by application programmers. Routing of a packet through successive networks, from the source machine to the destination identified by its ip address. The transport layer entity part of the kernel, separate networking process, maybe even hardware sits on top of the network layer, using its services, but logically is in communication with the destination transport entity. Nextgeneration packet based transport networks ptn 3 vpws pseudowire pseudowire pw emulates the operations of a layer 2 pointtopoint service over a packet switched network psn. An introduction 5 rather, the road transportation network is a better. Also commonly called digital wrapper, otnor optical transport networkingis a nextgeneration, industrystandard protocol that provides an efficient and globally accepted way to multiplex different services onto optical light paths. Carrier ethernet, therefore, is the extension of ethernet that enables service providers to provide premium ethernet services.
Fundamentals of computer networking and internetworking. Mplstp the new technology for packet transport networks. Basics of tcpip, switching, routing and firewalling. In the case where two nodes residing on different network segments, packet routing will take place in the following ways. A packet usually contains a network header, at least one highlevel protocol header, and data blocks. The performance of packet switching is called best. Transport backhaul and backbone the epc is a multiaccess core network based on the internet protocol ip that enables operators to deploy and operate one common packet core network for 3gpp radio access lte, 3g, and 2g, non3gpp radio access hrpd, wlan, and. However, a large number of current transport networks have been built using circuitswitched timedivision multiplexing tdm technologies such as t1e1 and sonetsdh. The basic unit of information, consisting of one or more data packets, which are passed across an internet at the transport level. Slicing requirement of 5g transport network network slicing as a service nsaas.
An ip address is just a set of four numbers between 1 and 254, separated by dots. Review of networking basics yao wang polytechnic university, brooklyn, ny11201. In order to send and direct data across a network, computers need to be able to identify destinations and origins. Cisco packet transport convergence technology agility carriergrade stat mux benefits standardsbased converged optical multiservice access converged transport transport carrier ethernet, mplstp, lower tco, tdm, dwdm integration capexopex savings ipmpls integration convergence technology agility services performance higher bw services lower. Initially, the course will explore the concepts of ipv4 and ipv6, before then focusing on the operation of mpls including its key capabilities and features. The book is aimed at all audiences even those with absolutely no prior tech. Jun 01, 2012 cisco packet transport convergence technology agility carriergrade stat mux benefits standardsbased converged optical multiservice access converged transport transport carrier ethernet, mplstp, lower tco, tdm, dwdm integration capexopex savings ipmpls integration convergence technology agility services performance higher bw services lower. Layers application layer applications and processes running on the network transport layer provides endtoend data delivery services internet layer makes datagrams and handles data routing network layer provides routines allowing access to the physical network. This identification is an ipinternet protocoladdress. Network layer functions rtransport packet from sending to receiving hosts rnetwork layer protocols in every host, router recall transport layer is end to end three important functions. Introduction to tcpip the ohio state university columbus, oh 43210.
A network slice comprises dedicated andor shared resources, e. Mpls mpls basics 1 mpls basics multiprotocol label switching mpls, originating in ipv4, was initially proposed to improve forwarding speed. Tcpip networks, access the transport layer setting up and releasing connections across the network ee4367 telecom. Computer networking and management lesson 1 computer. The optical transport network otn standards, defined by the itut g. Data communication and computer network 6 wan may use advanced technologies such as asynchronous transfer mode atm, frame relay, and synchronous optical network sonet. Comparing wavelengthswitched and digitallyswitched optical transport architectures. Review of networking basics university of california, berkeley. The lesson begins with an overview of the internet and of networking protocols, introducing several key terms and concepts. In case of conflict between the material contained in the tutorial and the material of the relevant recommendation the latter always prevails.
In this case, the customer network and the operator network are managed as. In the first packet, in the mac header place the destination number 20 from the router and its own source field 01. Any message exceeding a network defined maximum length is broken up into shorter units, known as packets, for transmission. The diagram below outlines the different media used within a carrier ethernet network and indicates where they are commonly deployed. Tcp ensures that each packet is delivered if at all possible. Attribute tdm transport packet data network connection mode connection oriented connectionless except te oam inband oam outofband except pw, te protection switching data plane switching control plane dependency bw efficiency fixed bandwidth statistical multiplexing data rate granularity rigid sonet hierarchy flexible data rate qos one class only qos treatment. Its core technology can be extended to multiple network protocols, such as ipv6, internet packet exchange ipx, and co nnectionless network protocol clnp. In data communications networks, packet segmentation is the process of dividing a data packet into smaller units for transmission over the network. Telecommunications industry and service provider networks must quickly. An one may retime, reamplify, reshape but it does not have to be 3r it can be purely photonic. Network layer provides for transfer of data in the form of packets across a communication network. Instead of giving a one sentence definition, let us try a more descriptive. For example, assume that a network has been assigned a class b address, and all the nodes on the network currently conform to a class b address format.
The control plane is mainly used to provide restoration functions for improved network survivability in the presence of failures and it facilitates endtoend. A migration from a legacy network to a new packet transport network is one of the most serious issues for telecom carriers. Frequently used in an ipsec sitetosite vpn transport mode ipsec header is inserted into the ip packet no new packet is created works well in networks where increasing a packets size could cause an issue. Aug 26, 2014 a migration from a legacy network to a new packet transport network is one of the most serious issues for telecom carriers. This lesson provides a broad overview of the computer networking and the internet.
The shared bandwidth can be a tdm channel in the transport network or the switchedfabric bandwidth of switches and routers in the packet network. The emulated service may be atm, frame relay, synchronous optical network synchronous digital hierarchy sonetsdh, or ethernet. Benefits of packet based transport networks youtube. In addition to offering traditional transport operational models for packet networking, there is a requirement to interconnect the mplsbased client customer network to the server operator network using mpls in order to provide simple managedbandwidth services. Network transport link physical osi reference model internet protocol suite session nfs xdr rpc ftp, telnet, smtp, snmp not specified ip icmp tcp, udp ith2801 routing protocols arp, rarp. It does so by establishing a connection with the receiving device and then sending the packets. The data begins its journey when an enduser application sends data to another network computer. Tcp lets a device reliably send a packet to another device on the same network or on a different network. A network slice could span across multiple parts of the network e. Program to remotely power on a pc over the internet using the wakeonlan protocol.
Provides connectivity and path selection between two host systems routes data packets selects best path to deliver data the network layer prioritizes data known as quality of service qos. Transport layer network layer link layer physical layer internet history development and demonstration of early packet. Internetwork a network of networks is called an internetwork, or simply the internet. Following a packet through the layers in a computer network, a packet of information flows through seven layers as it travels from one computer to another.
Then assume that the dotted decimal representation of this networks address is 172. The service can either be offered as besteffort or with slas specifying cir and other critical network parameters, such as latency. The transport layer 5 the network layer 5 the data link layer 6 the physical layer 6. Transport internet network interface physical layer 1 layer 2. It was one of the major influences on the resilient packet ring802. Packet switching is similar to message switching using short messages.
Nextgeneration packetbased transport networks ptn 3 vpws pseudowire pseudowire pw emulates the operations of a layer 2 pointtopoint service over a packetswitched network psn. Transport operational model addresses growth in packet traffic and services service flexibility p2p private lines, video transport, multipoint, best effort traffic as wells as legacy services sonetsdh like sla and oam with granular bw provisioning high network utilization of transport network. Itut defines an optical transport network otn as a set of optical network elements one connected by optical fiber links, able to provide functionality of transport, multiplexing, switching, management, supervision and survivability of optical channels carrying client signals. Some of these protocols include lan local area network protocols, wan wide area network protocols, network protocols, and routing protocols. Murat torlak transport layer is responsible for the endtoend transfer of messages from a process in the source machine to aprocess in the destination machine. There are many network applications running on a host. Review of networking basics university of california. There are several options to choose from when building optical transport networks. Os you are using and is running on osilayer 3 and 4 the network and transport layer.
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